Unit-I: Origin, Sources, Schools, Marriage & Dower (Mahr) 1. Origin, Development, Sources, and Schools of Muslim Law A. Origin and Development B. Primary and Secondary Sources of Muslim Law C. Schools of Muslim Law D. Sunni vs. Shia Schools: Key Differences Feature / Dimension Sunni Law Shia Law Recognition of Marriage Temporary marriages (Mutah) are…
Unit Number Core Topic / Subject Range Relevant Statutory Scope Core Description / Subject Matter Unit-I Indemnity, Guarantee, Bailment, Pledge Sections 124 to 181 (ICA, 1872) Contract of indemnity, surety co-extensive liability, bailee duty of care (Sec. 151), and pawnee right to sell. Unit-II Contract of Agency Sections 182 to 238 (ICA, 1872) Principal-agent creation,…
Unit-V: Contract of Partnership, Registration, Relations of Partners & Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) 1. Meaning, Definition and Nature of Partnership (Indian Partnership Act, 1932) A. Statutory Definition (Section 4) B. Essential Elements of Partnership 2. Registration of Firms and Effect of Non-Registration (Sections 56 to 69) A. Procedure for Registration (Sections 58 & 59) B….
Unit-IV: Passing of Property, Nemo Dat, Unpaid Seller & Remedies 1. Passing of Property (Ownership vs. Possession) A. Significance of Passing of Property (Section 19) B. Rules for Transfer of Property (Sections 20 to 25) 2. Transfer of Title by Non-Owners: The Maxim Nemo Dat Quod Non Habet A. General Rule (Section 27) B. Statutory…
Unit-III: Contract of Sale of Goods — Formation, Conditions, Warranties & Caveat Emptor 1. Introduction and Formation of Contract of Sale (The Sale of Goods Act, 1930) A. Historical Context & Application B. Definition of Contract of Sale (Section 4) C. Essential Elements of a Sale 2. Subject Matter of Contract of Sale (Sections 6…
Unit-II: Contract of Agency 1. Meaning and Definition of Agency (Sections 182 & 183) A. Statutory Definitions and Essentials 2. Modes of Creation of Agency (Sections 186 & 187) An agency can be created through several recognized legal modes: 3. Rights and Duties of an Agent A. Duties of an Agent B. Rights of an…
Unit-I: Indemnity, Guarantee, Bailment, Pledge & Non-Owner Transactions 1. Contract of Indemnity (Sections 124 & 125 of Indian Contract Act, 1872) A. Meaning, Definition, and Statutory Scope (Section 124) B. Rights of the Indemnity Holder (Section 125) An indemnity holder, acting within the scope of their authority, is entitled to recover from the indemnifier: Illustration:…
Unit Number Core Topic / Subject Range Relevant Statutes / Treaties Core Description / Subject Matter Unit-I Ecosystems & Ancient Approach EPA 1986, Vedic Philosophy Biosphere, ozone depletion, global warming, and Prithvi Sukta ecological ethics. Unit-II Common Law & Public Nuisance Tort law, IPC Sec. 268, CrPC Sec. 133 Trespass, negligence, strict/absolute liability, and magistrate…
Unit-V: International Environmental Regime, Transnational Pollution, State Liability & Global Treaties 1. Introduction to International Environmental Law & Transnational Pollution A. Nature and Scope B. The No-Harm Rule (Sic utere tuo ut alienum non laedas) 2. State Liability and Transnational Responsibility 3. Landmark Global Declarations and Summits A. Stockholm Conference on the Human Environment (1972)…
Unit-IV: Constitutional Dimensions, Writ Jurisdiction & Judicial Activism 1. Constitutional Mandate for Environmental Protection While the original text of the Constitution of India enacted in 1950 did not contain explicit provisions regarding environmental pollution (as ecological crises had not yet attained alarming proportions), the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976 introduced direct, explicit constitutional commitments: A….