Unit-III: Relevancy of Judgments, Expert Opinions, Oral/Documentary Evidence & Electronic Records 1. Relevancy of Judgments (Sections 34 to 43 of BSA, 2023) 2. Opinion of Witnesses and Expert Testimony (Sections 39 to 45) A. General Rule (Section 39) B. Exceptions (When Opinions are Relevant) 3. Facts Which Need Not Be Proved (Sections 56 to 58)…
Unit-II: Admissions, Confessions, Dying Declarations & Custodial Statements 1. General Principles Concerning Admissions (Sections 15 to 21 of BSA, 2023) A. Meaning and Definition of Admission B. Evidentiary Value of Admissions 2. Confessions (Sections 22 to 30 of BSA, 2023) A. Difference Between “Admission” and “Confession” B. Confessions Caused by Inducement, Threat or Promise (Section…
Unit-I: Salient Features, Meaning, Kinds of Evidence, Interpretation & Relevancy of Facts 1. Introduction and Salient Features of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam (BSA), 2023 A. Historical Context and Codification B. Salient Features of BSA, 2023 2. Meaning and Kinds of Evidence A. Statutory Definition of Evidence B. Kinds of Evidence 3. Interpretation Clause and Core…
Unit Number Core Topic / Subject Range Relevant BNS Provision Core Description / Subject Matter Unit-I Crime, Stages & Elements Sections 1 to 4 Actus reus, mens rea, 4 stages of crime, territorial scope, and punishments (including community service). Unit-II General Exceptions & Women/Child Sections 20 to 92 Infancy, unsoundness of mind, private defense, abetment,…
Unit-V: Offences Against Property, Theft, Robbery, Dacoity, Mischief, Defamation & Criminal Intimidation (BNS, 2023) 1. Offences Against Property: Theft, Extortion, Robbery and Dacoity A. Theft (Section 303 of BNS, 2023) B. Extortion (Section 308) C. Robbery (Section 309) D. Dacoity (Section 310) 2. Criminal Misappropriation, Criminal Breach of Trust & Stolen Property A. Criminal Misappropriation…
Unit-IV: Offences Against the State, Public Tranquility, Public Servants & Public Justice (BNS, 2023) 1. Offences Against the State (Military, Currency and Sovereignty) A. Waging War Against the Government of India (Section 147) B. Sedition / Acts Endangering Sovereignty and Unity (Section 152 of BNS, 2023) C. Offences Relating to Army, Navy, Air Force and…
Unit-III: Offences Affecting Human Life, Homicide, Murder, Negligence, Group Killings & Bodily Hurt (BNS, 2023) 1. Offences Affecting Human Life (Sections 100 to 113 of BNS, 2023) A. Culpable Homicide (Section 100) B. Murder (Section 101) C. The Famous Distinction: Culpable Homicide vs. Murder 2. Causing Death by Negligence and New Offences in BNS (2023)…
Unit-II: General Exceptions, Abetment, Criminal Conspiracy, Attempt & Offences Against Women and Children (BNS, 2023) 1. General Exceptions under the BNS, 2023 General exceptions shield a person from criminal liability even if their act would otherwise constitute a crime, on the ground that the requisite mens rea (guilty mind) was absent or the act was…
Unit-I: Concept of Crime, Stages, Elements, Territorial Application, Definitions & Punishments (BNS, 2023) 1. Concept of Crime and Distinction from Tort A. Meaning of Crime B. Distinction Between Crime and Tort Feature / Dimension Crime (Criminal Law / BNS) Tort (Law of Torts) Nature of Wrong Wrong against the society / State as a whole….
Unit Number Core Topic / Subject Range Relevant Constitutional Scope Core Description / Subject Matter Unit-I Legislature & Executive Articles 79 to 122 & 168 to 212 Parliamentary privileges, Tenth Schedule Anti-Defection law, President/Governor ordinance powers. Unit-II The Judiciary Articles 124 to 147 & 226 Collegium appointment of judges, Supreme Court jurisdiction, High Court writ…