Unit-V: Remedies against the State, Writs, Lokpal/Lokayukta, RTI, State Liability, Promissory Estoppel & Administrative Tribunals 1. Constitutional Remedies and Writs (Articles 32 and 226) A. Constitutional Safeguards B. The Five Prerogative Writs 2. Anti-Corruption Mechanisms: Lokpal and Lokayuktas 3. Right to Information (RTI Act, 2005) 4. Liability of the State in Torts and Contracts A….
Unit-IV: Judicial Control of Administrative Action, Natural Justice, Administrative Discretion & Wednesbury Principle 1. Judicial Control of Administrative Action A. Meaning and Constitutional Basis B. Primary Grounds of Judicial Review Courts do not review administrative decisions on their merits (they do not act as appellate courts substituting executive choices); instead, they review the decision-making process…
Unit-III: Classification of Administrative Functions & Delegated Legislation 1. Classification of Administrative Functions As modern administrative agencies expand, they exercise diverse powers that defy strict traditional compartmentalization. Administrative functions are broadly classified into four major categories: A. Legislative Functions (Rule-Making) B. Quasi-Judicial Functions (Administrative Adjudication) C. Administrative Functions (Pure Executive / Executive Action) D. Ministerial…
Unit-II: Rule of Law (Dicey’s Principle & Modern Trends) & Separation of Powers (UK, USA and India) 1. The Rule of Law A. Meaning and Philosophical Foundations B. A.V. Dicey’s Classical Formulation of the Rule of Law In his seminal work Law of the Constitution (1885), A.V. Dicey propounded three classic pillars of the Rule…
Unit-I: Nature, Scope, Definition, Evolution, Reasons for Growth & Relationship with Constitutional Law 1. Meaning and Definition of Administrative Law A. Conceptual Meaning B. Classical Definitions by Eminent Jurists 2. Evolution of Administrative Law 3. Reasons for the Growth of Administrative Law 4. Relationship Between Administrative Law and Constitutional Law A. Conceptual Interconnection B. Key…
Unit Number Core Topic / Subject Range Key Provisions / Statutes Core Description / Subject Matter Unit-I Property Concepts, Conditions & Interests Sections 1 to 37 TPA Corporeal/immovable property, restraints on alienation, vested vs. contingent interests, rule against perpetuity. Unit-II Doctrines: Election, Ostensible Owner & Lis Pendens Sections 35 to 53A TPA Doctrine of election,…
Unit-V: Easements, Lease vs. License, Wills & Testamentary Succession 1. Easements (Indian Easements Act, 1882) A. Definition and Meaning of Easement (Section 4) B. Acquisition of Easements 2. Distinction Between Lease and License Feature / Dimension Lease of Immovable Property License Transfer of Interest Creates an interest in the property (transfers a right of ownership…
Unit-IV: Lease, Exchange, Gifts, Registration & Actionable Claims (Detailed Points) 1. Lease of Immovable Property (Sections 105 to 117 of TPA) A. Meaning, Essential Features, and Definition (Section 105) B. Duration and Implied Kinds of Leases (Section 106) C. Statutory Rights and Liabilities of Lessor and Lessee (Section 108) D. Determination and Termination of Lease…
Unit-III: Sale, Mortgage, Marshalling, Contribution & Charges 1. Sale of Immovable Property (Sections 54 to 57 of TPA) A. Essential Features and Definition (Section 54) B. Rights and Liabilities of Buyer and Seller (Section 55) 2. Mortgage of Immovable Property (Sections 58 to 104) A. Definition and Key Terms (Section 58) B. Kinds of Mortgages…
Unit-II: Doctrine of Election, Covenants, Ostensible Owner, Feeding the Grant, Lis Pendens, Fraudulent Transfer & Part-Performance 1. Doctrine of Election (Section 35 of TPA) A. Meaning and Principle 2. Covenants Affecting Immovable Property (Sections 37 to 40) A. Meaning and Kinds of Covenants 3. Transfer by Ostensible Owner (Section 41) A. Meaning and Principle (Benami…