Important Legal Definitions

An execution process whereby the court issues a notice to a third party (the Garnishee) who holds money belonging to the judgment debtor or owes a debt to them, directing that third party to pay the debt directly into court toward the satisfaction of the decree.

The procedural mechanism allowing the court to permit either party to alter or amend their plaint or written statement at any stage of proceedings, provided the amendment is necessary to determine the real questions in controversy and does not alter the fundamental nature of the suit.

"General provisions do not derogate from special ones." A canon of construction providing that if a general enactment or clause conflicts with a special, specialized statute or section on the same subject, the special law prevails over the general law.

A departure from the literal rule applied when interpreting words in their ordinary grammatical sense leads to manifest absurdity, inconsistency, or injustice, allowing the court to modify the language to avoid that absurdity while preserving legislative intent.

The interconnected constitutional jurisprudence established in Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India, holding that Articles 14 (Equality), 19 (Freedoms), and 21 (Life and Liberty) are not isolated silos, but mutually reinforce each other; any state restriction on liberty must satisfy all three provisions simultaneously.

The fundamental right of a preventive detainee to be communicated the factual grounds of their detention as soon as possible and afforded the earliest opportunity to make an effective representation against the order.