| PART I | |
| CHAPTER I | PRELIMINARY |
| SECTION 1 | Short title, application and commencement.Read → |
| SECTION 2 | Definitions.Read → |
| PART II | |
| CHAPTER II | RELEVANCY OF FACTS |
| SECTION 3 | Evidence may be given of facts in issue and relevant facts.Read → |
| SUB-HEADING | Closely connected facts |
| SECTION 4 | Relevancy of facts forming part of same transaction.Read → |
| SECTION 5 | Facts which are occasion, cause or effect of facts in issue or relevant facts.Read → |
| SECTION 6 | Motive, preparation and previous or subsequent conduct.Read → |
| SECTION 7 | Facts necessary to explain or introduce fact in issue or relevant facts.Read → |
| SECTION 8 | Things said or done by conspirator in reference to common design.Read → |
| SECTION 9 | When facts not otherwise relevant become relevant.Read → |
| SECTION 10 | Facts tending to enable Court to determine amount are relevant in suits for damages.Read → |
| SECTION 11 | Facts relevant when right or custom is in question.Read → |
| SECTION 12 | Facts showing existence of state of mind, or of body or bodily feeling.Read → |
| SECTION 13 | Facts bearing on question whether act was accidental or intentional.Read → |
| SECTION 14 | Existence of course of business when relevant.Read → |
| SUB-HEADING | Admissions |
| SECTION 15 | Admission defined.Read → |
| SECTION 16 | Admission by party to proceeding or his agent.Read → |
| SECTION 17 | Admissions by persons whose position must be proved as against party to suit.Read → |
| SECTION 18 | Admissions by persons expressly referred to by party to suit.Read → |
| SECTION 19 | Proof of admissions against persons making them, and by or on their behalf.Read → |
| SECTION 20 | When oral admissions as to contents of documents are relevant.Read → |
| SECTION 21 | Admissions in civil cases when relevant.Read → |
| SECTION 22 | Confession caused by inducement, threat, coercion or promise, when irrelevant in criminal proceeding.Read → |
| SECTION 23 | Confession to police officer.Read → |
| SECTION 24 | Consideration of proved confession affecting person making it and others jointly under trial for same offence.Read → |
| SECTION 25 | Admissions not conclusive proof, but may estop.Read → |
| SUB-HEADING | Statements by persons who cannot be called as witnesses |
| SECTION 26 | Cases in which statement of relevant fact by person who is dead or cannot be found, etc., is relevant.Read → |
| SECTION 27 | Relevancy of certain evidence for proving, in subsequent proceeding, truth of facts therein stated.Read → |
| SUB-HEADING | Statements made under special circumstances |
| SECTION 28 | Entries in books of account when relevant.Read → |
| SECTION 29 | Relevancy of entry in public record or an electronic record made in performance of duty.Read → |
| SECTION 30 | Relevancy of statements in maps, charts and plans.Read → |
| SECTION 31 | Relevancy of statement as to fact of public nature contained in certain Acts or notifications.Read → |
| SECTION 32 | Relevancy of statements as to any law contained in law books including electronic or digital form.Read → |
| SUB-HEADING | How much of a statement is to be proved |
| SECTION 33 | What evidence to be given when statement forms part of a conversation, document, electronic record, book or series of letters or papers.Read → |
| SUB-HEADING | Judgments of Courts when relevant |
| SECTION 34 | Previous judgments relevant to bar a second suit or trial.Read → |
| SECTION 35 | Relevancy of certain judgments in probate, etc., jurisdiction.Read → |
| SECTION 36 | Relevancy and effect of judgments, orders or decrees, other than those mentioned in section 35.Read → |
| SECTION 37 | Judgments, etc., other than those mentioned in sections 34, 35 and 36 when relevant.Read → |
| SECTION 38 | Fraud or collusion in obtaining judgment, or incompetency of Court, may be proved.Read → |
| SUB-HEADING | Opinions of third persons when relevant |
| SECTION 39 | Opinions of experts.Read → |
| SECTION 40 | Facts bearing upon opinions of experts.Read → |
| SECTION 41 | Opinion as to handwriting and signature, when relevant.Read → |
| SECTION 42 | Opinion as to existence of general custom or right, when relevant.Read → |
| SECTION 43 | Opinion as to usages, tenets, etc., when relevant.Read → |
| SECTION 44 | Opinion on relationship, when relevant.Read → |
| SECTION 45 | Grounds of opinion, when relevant.Read → |
| SUB-HEADING | Character when relevant |
| SECTION 46 | In civil cases character to prove conduct imputed, irrelevant.Read → |
| SECTION 47 | In criminal cases previous good character relevant.Read → |
| SECTION 48 | Evidence of character or previous sexual experience not relevant in certain cases.Read → |
| SECTION 49 | Previous bad character not relevant, except in reply.Read → |
| SECTION 50 | Character as affecting damages.Read → |
| PART III | ON PROOF |
| CHAPTER III | FACTS WHICH NEED NOT BE PROVED |
| SECTION 51 | Fact judicially noticeable need not be proved.Read → |
| SECTION 52 | Facts of which Court shall take judicial notice.Read → |
| SECTION 53 | Facts admitted need not be proved.Read → |
| CHAPTER IV | OF ORAL EVIDENCE |
| SECTION 54 | Proof of facts by oral evidence.Read → |
| SECTION 55 | Oral evidence to be direct.Read → |
| CHAPTER V | OF DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE |
| SECTION 56 | Proof of contents of documents.Read → |
| SECTION 57 | Primary evidence.Read → |
| SECTION 58 | Secondary evidence.Read → |
| SECTION 59 | Proof of documents by primary evidence.Read → |
| SECTION 60 | Cases in which secondary evidence relating to documents maybe given.Read → |
| SECTION 61 | Electronic or digital record.Read → |
| SECTION 62 | Special provisions as to evidence relating to electronic record.Read → |
| SECTION 63 | Admissibility of electronic records.Read → |
| SECTION 64 | Rules as to notice to produce.Read → |
| SECTION 65 | Proof of signature and handwriting of person alleged to have signed or written document produced.Read → |
| SECTION 66 | Proof as to electronic signature.Read → |
| SECTION 67 | Proof of execution of document required by law to be attested.Read → |
| SECTION 68 | Proof where no attesting witness found.Read → |
| SECTION 69 | Admission of execution by party to attested document.Read → |
| SECTION 70 | Proof when attesting witness denies execution.Read → |
| SECTION 71 | Proof of document not required by law to be attested.Read → |
| SECTION 72 | Comparison of signature, writing or seal with others admitted or proved.Read → |
| SECTION 73 | Proof as to verification of digital signature.Read → |
| SUB-HEADING | Public documents |
| SECTION 74 | Public and private documents.Read → |
| SECTION 75 | Certified copies of public documents.Read → |
| SECTION 76 | Proof of documents by production of certified copies.Read → |
| SECTION 77 | Proof of other official documents.Read → |
| SUB-HEADING | Presumptions as to documents |
| SECTION 78 | Presumption as to genuineness of certified copies.Read → |
| SECTION 79 | Presumption as to documents produced as record of evidence, etc.Read → |
| SECTION 80 | Presumption as to Gazettes, newspapers, and other documents.Read → |
| SECTION 81 | Presumption as to Gazettes in electronic or digital record.Read → |
| SECTION 82 | Presumption as to maps or plans made by authority of Government.Read → |
| SECTION 83 | Presumption as to collections of laws and reports of decisions.Read → |
| SECTION 84 | Presumption as to powers-of-attorney.Read → |
| SECTION 85 | Presumption as to electronic agreements.Read → |
| SECTION 86 | Presumption as to electronic records and electronic signatures.Read → |
| SECTION 87 | Presumption as to Electronic Signature Certificates.Read → |
| SECTION 88 | Presumption as to certified copies of foreign judicial records.Read → |
| SECTION 89 | Presumption as to books, maps and charts.Read → |
| SECTION 90 | Presumption as to electronic messages.Read → |
| SECTION 91 | Presumption as to due execution, etc., of documents not produced.Read → |
| SECTION 92 | Presumption as to documents thirty years old.Read → |
| SECTION 93 | Presumption as to electronic records five years old.Read → |
| CHAPTER VI | OF THE EXCLUSION OF ORAL EVIDENCE BY DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE |
| SECTION 94 | Evidence of terms of contracts, grants and other dispositions of property reduced to form of document.Read → |
| SECTION 95 | Exclusion of evidence of oral agreement.Read → |
| SECTION 96 | Exclusion of evidence to explain or amend ambiguous document.Read → |
| SECTION 97 | Exclusion of evidence against application of document to existing facts.Read → |
| SECTION 98 | Evidence as to document unmeaning in reference to existing facts.Read → |
| SECTION 99 | Evidence as to application of language which can apply to one only of several persons.Read → |
| SECTION 100 | Evidence as to application of language to one of two sets of facts, to neither of which the whole correctly applies.Read → |
| SECTION 101 | Evidence as to meaning of illegible characters, etc.Read → |
| SECTION 102 | Who may give evidence of agreement varying terms of document.Read → |
| SECTION 103 | Saving of provisions of Indian Succession Act relating to wills.Read → |
| PART IV | PRODUCTION AND EFFECT OF EVIDENCE |
| CHAPTER VII | OF THE BURDEN OF PROOF |
| SECTION 104 | Burden of proof.Read → |
| SECTION 105 | On whom burden of proof lies.Read → |
| SECTION 106 | Burden of proof as to particular fact.Read → |
| SECTION 107 | Burden of proving fact to be proved to make evidence admissible.Read → |
| SECTION 108 | Burden of proving that case of accused comes within exceptions.Read → |
| SECTION 109 | Burden of proving fact especially within knowledge.Read → |
| SECTION 110 | Burden of proving death of person known to have been alive within thirty years.Read → |
| SECTION 111 | Burden of proving that person is alive who has not been heard of for seven years.Read → |
| SECTION 112 | Burden of proof as to relationship in the cases of partners, landlord and tenant, principal and agent.Read → |
| SECTION 113 | Burden of proof as to ownership.Read → |
| SECTION 114 | Proof of good faith in transactions where one party is in relation of active confidence.Read → |
| SECTION 115 | Presumption as to certain offences.Read → |
| SECTION 116 | Birth during marriage, conclusive proof of legitimacy.Read → |
| SECTION 117 | Presumption as to abetment of suicide by a married woman.Read → |
| SECTION 118 | Presumption as to dowry death.Read → |
| SECTION 119 | Court may presume existence of certain facts.Read → |
| SECTION 120 | Presumption as to absence of consent in certain prosecution for rape.Read → |
| CHAPTER VIII | ESTOPPEL |
| SECTION 121 | Estoppel.Read → |
| SECTION 122 | Estoppel of tenant and of licensee of person in possession.Read → |
| SECTION 123 | Estoppel of acceptor of bill of exchange, bailee or licensee.Read → |
| CHAPTER IX | OF WITNESSES |
| SECTION 124 | Who may testify.Read → |
| SECTION 125 | Witness unable to communicate verbally.Read → |
| SECTION 126 | Competency of husband and wife as witnesses in certain cases.Read → |
| SECTION 127 | Judges and Magistrates.Read → |
| SECTION 128 | Communications during marriage.Read → |
| SECTION 129 | Evidence as to affairs of State.Read → |
| SECTION 130 | Official communications.Read → |
| SECTION 131 | Information as to commission of offences.Read → |
| SECTION 132 | Professional communications.Read → |
| SECTION 133 | Privilege not waived by volunteering evidence.Read → |
| SECTION 134 | Confidential communication with legal advisers.Read → |
| SECTION 135 | Production of title-deeds of witness not a party.Read → |
| SECTION 136 | Production of documents or electronic records which another person, having possession, could refuse to produce.Read → |
| SECTION 137 | Witness not excused from answering on ground that answer will criminate.Read → |
| SECTION 138 | Accomplice.Read → |
| SECTION 139 | Number of witnesses.Read → |
| CHAPTER X | OF EXAMINATION OF WITNESSES |
| SECTION 140 | Order of production and examination of witnesses.Read → |
| SECTION 141 | Judge to decide as to admissibility of evidence.Read → |
| SECTION 142 | Examination of witnesses.Read → |
| SECTION 143 | Order of examinations.Read → |
| SECTION 144 | Cross examination of person called to produce a document.Read → |
| SECTION 145 | Witnesses to character.Read → |
| SECTION 146 | Leading questions.Read → |
| SECTION 147 | Evidence as to matters in writing.Read → |
| SECTION 148 | Cross examination as to previous statements in writing.Read → |
| SECTION 149 | Questions lawful in cross examination.Read → |
| SECTION 150 | When witness to be compelled to answer.Read → |
| SECTION 151 | Court to decide when question shall be asked and when witness compelled to answer.Read → |
| SECTION 152 | Question not to be asked without reasonable grounds.Read → |
| SECTION 153 | Procedure of Court in case of question being asked without reasonable grounds.Read → |
| SECTION 154 | Indecent and scandalous questions.Read → |
| SECTION 155 | Questions intended to insult or annoy.Read → |
| SECTION 156 | Exclusion of evidence to contradict answers to questions testing veracity.Read → |
| SECTION 157 | Question by party to his own witness.Read → |
| SECTION 158 | Impeaching credit of witness.Read → |
| SECTION 159 | Questions tending to corroborate evidence of relevant fact, admissible.Read → |
| SECTION 160 | Former statements of witness may be proved to corroborate later testimony as to same fact.Read → |
| SECTION 161 | What matters may be proved in connection with proved statement relevant under section 26 or 27.Read → |
| SECTION 162 | Refreshing memory.Read → |
| SECTION 163 | Testimony to facts stated in document mentioned in section 162.Read → |
| SECTION 164 | Right of adverse party as to writing used to refresh memory.Read → |
| SECTION 165 | Production of documents.Read → |
| SECTION 166 | Giving, as evidence, of document called for and produced on notice.Read → |
| SECTION 167 | Using, as evidence, of document production of which was refused on notice.Read → |
| SECTION 168 | Judge's power to put questions or order production.Read → |
| CHAPTER XI | OF IMPROPER ADMISSION AND REJECTION OF EVIDENCE |
| SECTION 169 | No new trial for improper admission or rejection of evidence.Read → |
| CHAPTER XII | REPEAL AND SAVINGS |
| SECTION 170 | Repeal and savings.Read → |
| SCHEDULE | THE SCHEDULE [See section 63(4)(c)] - CERTIFICATE (PART A and PART B)Read → |
