Important Legal Definitions
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Whirlpool Exceptions
Prerogative Writs & Extraordinary Remedies
Definition
The four established exceptions laid down in Whirlpool Corporation v. Registrar of Trade Marks where a High Court will entertain an Article 226 writ petition despite an alternative statutory remedy: (1) violation of Fundamental Rights, (2) breach of natural justice, (3) orders wholly without jurisdiction, or (4) challenge to the ultra vires character of an Act.
Example
A GST assessing officer passes a ₹2 crore tax recovery order freezing a business's account without issuing a show-cause notice; the High Court admits the Article 226 writ directly under the Whirlpool natural justice exception.