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Inter-State River Water Disputes (Article 262)

Constitutional & Public Law Doctrines

Definition

A constitutional mechanism empowering Parliament by law to provide for the adjudication of any dispute or complaint with respect to the use, distribution, or control of the waters of any inter-state river or river valley, explicitly permitting Parliament to bar the jurisdiction of all courts, including the Supreme Court.

Example

Parliament enacted the Inter-State River Water Disputes Act, 1956, constituting dedicated tribunals (like the Cauvery Water Disputes Tribunal) to adjudicate river shares, excluding regular civil court jurisdiction.